Farsi is an Iranian language within the Indo-Iranian branch of the Indo-European languages. It is commonly spoken in Iran, also in Some Countries of Central Asia. The Farsi language, whose native name is Fārsī (فارسی) is classified by most linguists as a continuation of Middle Farsi, the official religious and literary language of Sassanid Persia, itself a continuation of Old Farsi, the language of Farsi Empire in the Achaemenid era. Farsi is a pluricentric language and its grammar is similar to that of many contemporary European languages.
Farsi language has ca. 110 million native speakers and has official status in three countries of Iran, Afghanistan and Tajikistan. For centuries Farsi has also been a prestigious cultural language in western Central Asia, on the Indian subcontinent, and in Turkey.
Farsi has had a considerable influence on neighboring languages, particularly the Indo-European Languages in the Caucasus and Turkic languages in Anatolia, Caucasus, and Central Asia neighboring Iranian languages, as well as Armenian, Arabic and other languages. Also to a lesser extent exerted an influence on South Asian languages, especially Urdu, as well as Hindi, Punjabi, Sindhi, Saraiki, Sylheti, Bengali, Oriya.
With a long history of literature in the form of Middle Farsi before Islam, Farsi was the first language in Muslim civilization to break through Arabic’s monopoly on writing, and the writing of poetry in Farsi was established as a court tradition in many eastern courts.[11] Some of the famous works in farsi literature are the Shahname of Firdausi, works of Rumi, Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam, Divan of Hafiz and poems of Saadi.